DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool
Vergleich der Systemeigenschaften Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool
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| Name | Microsoft Access Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Oracle Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Oracle Berkeley DB Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | PostgreSQL Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Tarantool Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kurzbeschreibung | Microsoft Access kombiniert ein Backend (JET bzw. ACE Engine) mit einem grafischen Frontend zur Datenabfrage bzw. Datenmanipulation.  Das Access-Frontend wird häufig auch für Zugriff auf andere Datenquellen (DBMS, Excel, etc) verwendet. | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares RDBMS | Weit verbreiteter In-Process Key-Value Store | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares Open Source RDBMS Entwickelt als objektorientiertes DBMS, im Laufe der Zeit um 'Standards' wie SQL erweitert | In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primäres Datenbankmodell | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Key-Value Store unterstützt sortierte und unsortierte Key Sets Native XML DBMS in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version | Relational DBMS mit objektorientierten Erweiterungen, z.B.: benutzerdefinierte Datentypen/Funktionen und Vererbung. Key/Value handling mit hstore Modul. | Document Store Key-Value Store Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundäre Datenbankmodelle | Document Store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF Store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVektor DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document Store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vektor DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS with Tarantool/GIS extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access | www.oracle.com/database | www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html | www.postgresql.org | www.tarantool.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technische Dokumentation | developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access | docs.oracle.com/en/database | docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html | www.postgresql.org/docs | www.tarantool.io/en/doc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entwickler | Microsoft | Oracle | Oracle ursprünglich von Sleepycat entwickelt, von Oracle aufgekauft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | VK | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Erscheinungsjahr | 1992 | 1980 | 1994 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aktuelle Version | 1902 (16.0.11328.20222), Maerz 2019 | 23c, September 2023 | 18.1.40, Mai 2020 | 16.3, Mai 2024 | 2.10.0, Mai 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lizenz Commercial or Open Source | kommerziell Gebündelt mit Microsoft Office Lizenzen | kommerziell eingeschränkte kostenlose Version verfügbar | Open Source Kommerzielle Lizenz verfügbar bei Bedarf | Open Source BSD | Open Source BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ausschließlich ein Cloud-Service Nur als Cloud-Service verfügbar | nein | nein | nein | nein | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementierungssprache | C++ | C und C++ | C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition) | C | C und C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server Betriebssysteme | Windows Kein eigentlicher Datenbank-Server, sondern Ausführung von DLL's. | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | AIX Android FreeBSD iOS Linux OS X Solaris VxWorks Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux macOS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Datenschema | ja | ja Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | schemafrei | ja | Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typisierung vordefinierte Datentypen, z.B. float oder date | ja | ja | nein | ja | string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML Unterstützung Verarbeitung von Daten in XML Format, beispielsweise Speicherung von XML-Strukturen und/oder Unterstützung von XPath, XQuery, XSLT | ja | ja only with the Berkeley DB XML edition | ja specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | nein | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundärindizes | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | ja aber nicht SQL Standard konform | ja mit proprietären Erweiterungen | ja SQL Interface basierend auf SQLite verfügbar | ja Standard mit zahlreichen Erweiterungen | Full-featured ANSI SQL support | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs und andere Zugriffskonzepte | ADO.NET DAO ODBC OLE DB | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Open binary protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unterstützte Programmiersprachen | C C# C++ Delphi Java (JDBC-ODBC) VBA Visual Basic.NET | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET Andere Es gibt Libraries von Drittanbietern für zahlreiche Sprachen, die Berkeley DB Files bearbeiten könnenC C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party bindingPerl Python Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Erlang Go Java JavaScript Lua Perl PHP Python Rust | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-seitige Scripts Stored Procedures | ja ab Access 2010 mit ACE-Engine | PL/SQL auch Java stored procedures möglich | nein | benutzerdefinierte Funktionen realisiert z.B. mit spezifischer Sprache PL/pgSQL, aber auch andere Sprachen möglich (Perl, Python, Tcl, etc.) | Lua, C and SQL stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | ja ab Access 2010 mit ACE-Engine | ja | ja only for the SQL API | ja | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitionierungsmechanismen Methoden zum Speichern von unterschiedlichen Daten auf unterschiedlichen Knoten | keine | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | keine | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replikationsmechanismen Methoden zum redundanten Speichern von Daten auf mehreren Knoten | keine | Multi-Source Replikation Source-Replica Replikation | Source-Replica Replikation | Source-Replica Replikation andere Varianten durch Verwendung von 3rd party - tools | Asynchronous replication with multi-master option Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star) Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Bietet ein API für Map/Reduce Operationen | nein | nein kann in PL/SQL realisiert werden | nein | nein | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konsistenzkonzept Methoden zur Sicherstellung der Konsistenz in einem verteilten System | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Casual consistency across sharding partitions Eventual consistency within replicaset partition when using asyncronous replicationImmediate Consistency within single instance Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition when using Raft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fremdschlüssel referenzielle Integrität | ja | ja | nein | ja | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaktionskonzept Unterstützung zur Sicherstellung der Datenintegrität bei nicht-atomaren Datenmanipulationen | ACID aber keine Files für Transaktions-Logging | ACID mit parameterisierbarem isolation level | ACID | ACID | ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Unterstützung von gleichzeitig ausgeführten Datenmanipulationen | ja | ja | ja | ja | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Dauerhafte Speicherung der Daten | ja aber keine Files für Transaktions-Logging | ja | ja | ja | yes, write ahead logging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-Memory Unterstützung Gibt es Möglichkeiten einige oder alle Strukturen nur im Hauptspeicher zu halten | ja Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | ja | nein | yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Berechtigungskonzept Zugriffskontrolle | nein einfache Benutzerverwaltung war vorhanden bis zur Version Access 2003 | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | nein | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Access Control Lists Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise Password based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise Users and Roles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Microsoft Access | Oracle | Oracle Berkeley DB | PostgreSQL | Tarantool | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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