DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis
Vergleich der Systemeigenschaften Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis
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| Name | Firebase Realtime Database Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Google Cloud Datastore Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Oracle Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | PostgreSQL Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Redis Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kurzbeschreibung | Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data. | Selbst skalierendes NoSQL Datenbankservice in der Google Cloud Plattform | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares RDBMS | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares Open Source RDBMS  Entwickelt als objektorientiertes DBMS, im Laufe der Zeit um 'Standards' wie SQL erweitert | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis legt höchsten Wert auf Performanz. Bei Designentscheidungen wird typischerweise Performanz der Vorzug vor Features oder Speicherbedarf gegeben. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primäres Datenbankmodell | Document Store | Document Store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS mit objektorientierten Erweiterungen, z.B.: benutzerdefinierte Datentypen/Funktionen und Vererbung. Key/Value handling mit hstore Modul. | Key-Value Store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundäre Datenbankmodelle | Document Store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF Store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVektor DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document Store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vektor DBMS with pgvector extension | Document Store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Suchmaschine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVektor DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database | cloud.google.com/datastore | www.oracle.com/database | www.postgresql.org | redis.com redis.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technische Dokumentation | firebase.google.com/docs/database | cloud.google.com/datastore/docs | docs.oracle.com/en/database | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entwickler | Google acquired by Google 2014 | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Entwicklung von Redis Inc finanziert | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Erscheinungsjahr | 2012 | 2008 | 1980 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aktuelle Version | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, Mai 2024 | 7.2.4, Jaenner 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lizenz Commercial or Open Source | kommerziell | kommerziell | kommerziell eingeschränkte kostenlose Version verfügbar | Open Source BSD | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ausschließlich ein Cloud-Service Nur als Cloud-Service verfügbar | ja | ja | nein | nein | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS Angebote (gesponserte Links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementierungssprache | C und C++ | C | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server Betriebssysteme | gehostet | gehostet | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows portiert und gewartet durch Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Datenschema | schemafrei | schemafrei | ja Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | ja | schemafrei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typisierung vordefinierte Datentypen, z.B. float oder date | ja | ja, Details hier | ja | ja | teilweise Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML Unterstützung Verarbeitung von Daten in XML Format, beispielsweise Speicherung von XML-Strukturen und/oder Unterstützung von XPath, XQuery, XSLT | nein | nein | ja | ja specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundärindizes | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja with RediSearch module | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | nein | SQL-like query language (GQL) | ja mit proprietären Erweiterungen | ja Standard mit zahlreichen Erweiterungen | with RediSQL module | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs und andere Zugriffskonzepte | Android iOS JavaScript API RESTful HTTP API | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Proprietäres Protokoll RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unterstützte Programmiersprachen | Java JavaScript Objective-C | .Net Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-seitige Scripts Stored Procedures | limited functionality with using 'rules' | mit Google App Engine | PL/SQL auch Java stored procedures möglich | benutzerdefinierte Funktionen realisiert z.B. mit spezifischer Sprache PL/pgSQL, aber auch andere Sprachen möglich (Perl, Python, Tcl, etc.) | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | Callbacks are triggered when data changes | Callbacks mit Google Apps Engine | ja | ja | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitionierungsmechanismen Methoden zum Speichern von unterschiedlichen Daten auf unterschiedlichen Knoten | Sharding | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replikationsmechanismen Methoden zum redundanten Speichern von Daten auf mehreren Knoten | Multi-source replication using Paxos | Multi-Source Replikation Source-Replica Replikation | Source-Replica Replikation andere Varianten durch Verwendung von 3rd party - tools | Multi-Source Replikation with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-Replica Replikation Chained replication wird unterstützt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Bietet ein API für Map/Reduce Operationen | nein | ja mittels Google Cloud Dataflow | nein kann in PL/SQL realisiert werden | nein | through RedisGears | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konsistenzkonzept Methoden zur Sicherstellung der Konsistenz in einem verteilten System | Eventual Consistency if the client is offline Immediate Consistency if the client is online | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent. | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fremdschlüssel referenzielle Integrität | nein | ja via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths | ja | ja | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaktionskonzept Unterstützung zur Sicherstellung der Datenintegrität bei nicht-atomaren Datenmanipulationen | ja | ACID Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions | ACID mit parameterisierbarem isolation level | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Unterstützung von gleichzeitig ausgeführten Datenmanipulationen | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja Datenzugriffe werden vom Server serialisiert | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Dauerhafte Speicherung der Daten | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja konfigurierbare Persistenzmechanismen via snapshots oder logs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-Memory Unterstützung Gibt es Möglichkeiten einige oder alle Strukturen nur im Hauptspeicher zu halten | nein | ja Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | nein | ja | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Berechtigungskonzept Zugriffskontrolle | yes, based on authentication and database rules | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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