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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Derby vs. FoundationDB vs. MariaDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Derby vs. FoundationDB vs. MariaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbygithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­library
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationFoundationDBMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Initial release20122008199720132009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.17.1.0, November 20236.2.28, November 202011.3.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes infoDynamic columns are supported
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonnoJava Stored Proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engine
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftCassandraDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFoundationDBMariaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
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