DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. FatDB vs. MariaDB vs. PostgreSQL
System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. FatDB vs. MariaDB vs. PostgreSQL
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Name | Amazon DynamoDB Xexclude from comparison | eXtremeDB Xexclude from comparison | FatDB Xexclude from comparison | MariaDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud | Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering | A .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server. | MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL. | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Document store Key-value store | Relational DBMS Time Series DBMS | Document store Key-value store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with OQGraph storage engine Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | www.mcobject.com | mariadb.com Site of MariaDB Corporation mariadb.org Site of MariaDB Foundation | www.postgresql.org | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm | mariadb.com/kb/en/library | www.postgresql.org/docs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Amazon | McObject | FatCloud | MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2012 | 2001 | 2012 | 2009 Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 8.2, 2021 | 11.3.2, February 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial free tier for a limited amount of database operations | commercial | commercial | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available | Open Source BSD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | C and C++ | C# | C and C++ | C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | hosted | AIX HP-UX Linux macOS Solaris Windows | Windows | FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free | yes | schema-free | yes Dynamic columns are supported | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no support of XML interfaces available | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | no | yes with the option: eXtremeSQL | no Via inetgration in SQL Server | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API | .NET Client API JDBC JNI ODBC Proprietary protocol RESTful HTTP API | .NET Client API LINQ RESTful HTTP API RPC Windows WCF Bindings | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | .Net ColdFusion Erlang Groovy Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C# C++ Java Lua Python Scala | C# | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes | yes via applications | yes PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3 | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes by integration with AWS Lambda | yes by defining events | yes via applications | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | horizontal partitioning / sharding | Sharding | several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT Multi-source replication by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option Source-replica replication by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option | selectable replication factor | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) | no | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be specified for read operations | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | no | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region | ACID | no | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes not for in-memory storage engine | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes with MEMORY storage engine | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) | no Can implement custom security layer via applications | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amazon DynamoDB | eXtremeDB | FatDB | MariaDB | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small... » more | MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL... » more | MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases.... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,... » more | Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,... » more | Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product... » more | MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number... » more | MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amazon DynamoDB | eXtremeDB | FatDB | MariaDB | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud | MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor How Heroku reduced their operational overhead by migrating their 30 TB self-managed database from Amazon EC2 to ... Using Elasticsearch to Offload Search and Analytics from DynamoDB: Pros and Cons Simplify cross-account access control with Amazon DynamoDB using resource-based policies | Amazon Web Services Bulk update Amazon DynamoDB tables with AWS Step Functions | Amazon Web Services A new and improved AWS CDK construct for Amazon DynamoDB tables | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News McObject Announces the Release of eXtremeDB/rt 1.2 Latest embedded DBMS supports asymmetric multiprocessing systems The Data in Hard Real-time SCADA Systems Lets Companies Do More with Less McObject and Lynx Software Technologies Team Up for the First COTS Hard Real-Time DBMS for Mission- and Safety ... McObject’s new eXtremeDB Cluster provides distributed database solution for real-time apps provided by Google News RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB plc by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC which is an Affiliate of K1 INVESTMENT ... Progress outbids private equity in offer for MariaDB plc Progress Software Confirms Bid to Acquire MariaDB Can MariaDB’s enterprise business be saved? Struggling database company MariaDB could be taken private in $37M deal provided by Google News AGEDB Technology Launches PGTS - PostgreSQL Tech-Support First Principles: Optimizing PostgreSQL for the cloud Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database General availability: Microsoft Entra ID integration with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates Your MySQL 5.7 and PostgreSQL 11 databases will be automatically enrolled into Amazon RDS Extended Support ... provided by Google News |
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