DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis
Vergleich der Systemeigenschaften Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis
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| Name | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB  former name was Azure DocumentDB Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Microsoft SQL Server Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | PostgreSQL Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Redis Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kurzbeschreibung | Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service | Relationales DBMS von Microsoft | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares Open Source RDBMS Entwickelt als objektorientiertes DBMS, im Laufe der Zeit um 'Standards' wie SQL erweitert | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis legt höchsten Wert auf Performanz. Bei Designentscheidungen wird typischerweise Performanz der Vorzug vor Features oder Speicherbedarf gegeben. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primäres Datenbankmodell | Document Store Graph DBMS Key-Value Store Wide Column Store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS mit objektorientierten Erweiterungen, z.B.: benutzerdefinierte Datentypen/Funktionen und Vererbung. Key/Value handling mit hstore Modul. | Key-Value Store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundäre Datenbankmodelle | Spatial DBMS | Document Store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | Document Store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vektor DBMS with pgvector extension | Document Store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Suchmaschine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVektor DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db | www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server | www.postgresql.org | redis.com redis.io | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technische Dokumentation | learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db | learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entwickler | Microsoft | Microsoft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Entwicklung von Redis Inc finanziert | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Erscheinungsjahr | 2014 | 1989 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aktuelle Version | SQL Server 2022, November 2022 | 16.2, Februar 2024 | 7.2.4, Jaenner 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lizenz Commercial or Open Source | kommerziell | kommerziell eingeschränkte kostenlose Version verfügbar | Open Source BSD | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ausschließlich ein Cloud-Service Nur als Cloud-Service verfügbar | ja | nein | nein | nein | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS Angebote (gesponserte Links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementierungssprache | C++ | C | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server Betriebssysteme | gehostet | Linux Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows portiert und gewartet durch Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Datenschema | schemafrei | ja | ja | schemafrei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typisierung vordefinierte Datentypen, z.B. float oder date | ja JSON types | ja | ja | teilweise Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML Unterstützung Verarbeitung von Daten in XML Format, beispielsweise Speicherung von XML-Strukturen und/oder Unterstützung von XPath, XQuery, XSLT | ja | ja specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundärindizes | ja All properties auto-indexed by default | ja | ja | ja with RediSearch module | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like query language | ja | ja Standard mit zahlreichen Erweiterungen | with RediSQL module | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs und andere Zugriffskonzepte | DocumentDB API Graph API (Gremlin) MongoDB API RESTful HTTP API Table API | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Proprietäres Protokoll RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unterstützte Programmiersprachen | .Net C# Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages Python | C# C++ Delphi Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R Ruby Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-seitige Scripts Stored Procedures | JavaScript | Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java | benutzerdefinierte Funktionen realisiert z.B. mit spezifischer Sprache PL/pgSQL, aber auch andere Sprachen möglich (Perl, Python, Tcl, etc.) | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | JavaScript | ja | ja | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitionierungsmechanismen Methoden zum Speichern von unterschiedlichen Daten auf unterschiedlichen Knoten | Sharding Implizit im Cloud Service | Tabellen können auf mehrere Files aufgeteilt werden (horizontale Partitionierung), sharding möglich (mittels federation) | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replikationsmechanismen Methoden zum redundanten Speichern von Daten auf mehreren Knoten | ja Implizit im Cloud Service | ja, aber abhängig von der SQL-Server Edition | Source-Replica Replikation andere Varianten durch Verwendung von 3rd party - tools | Multi-Source Replikation with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-Replica Replikation Chained replication wird unterstützt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Bietet ein API für Map/Reduce Operationen | with Hadoop integration Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure* | nein | nein | through RedisGears | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konsistenzkonzept Methoden zur Sicherstellung der Konsistenz in einem verteilten System | Bounded Staleness Consistent Prefix Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency Consistency level configurable on request levelSession Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fremdschlüssel referenzielle Integrität | nein | ja | ja | nein | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaktionskonzept Unterstützung zur Sicherstellung der Datenintegrität bei nicht-atomaren Datenmanipulationen | Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition | ACID | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Unterstützung von gleichzeitig ausgeführten Datenmanipulationen | ja | ja | ja | ja Datenzugriffe werden vom Server serialisiert | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Dauerhafte Speicherung der Daten | ja | ja | ja | ja konfigurierbare Persistenzmechanismen via snapshots oder logs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-Memory Unterstützung Gibt es Möglichkeiten einige oder alle Strukturen nur im Hauptspeicher zu halten | ja | nein | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Berechtigungskonzept Zugriffskontrolle | Zugriffsrechte bis auf item level einstellbar | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB former name was Azure DocumentDB | Microsoft SQL Server | PostgreSQL | Redis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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