DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Informix vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr
Vergleich der Systemeigenschaften CockroachDB vs. Informix vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr
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| Name | CockroachDB Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Informix Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Oracle Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | PostgreSQL Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | Solr Xaus Vergleich ausschliessen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kurzbeschreibung | CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble. | A secure embeddable database from IBM, positioned besides IBM Db2 as a relatively low-cost product optimized for OLTP and Internet of Things data | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares RDBMS | Weit verbreitetes, allgemein einsetzbares Open Source RDBMS  Entwickelt als objektorientiertes DBMS, im Laufe der Zeit um 'Standards' wie SQL erweitert | Eine häufig verwendete Suchmaschinentechnologie basierend auf Apache Lucene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primäres Datenbankmodell | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS Seit Version 12.10 JSON/BSON Datentype mit Kompatibilität zu MongoDB | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS mit objektorientierten Erweiterungen, z.B.: benutzerdefinierte Datentypen/Funktionen und Vererbung. Key/Value handling mit hstore Modul. | Suchmaschine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundäre Datenbankmodelle | Document Store Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS with Informix TimeSeries Extension | Document Store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF Store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVektor DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document Store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vektor DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.cockroachlabs.com | www.ibm.com/products/informix | www.oracle.com/database | www.postgresql.org | solr.apache.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technische Dokumentation | www.cockroachlabs.com/docs | informix.hcldoc.com www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSGU8G/welcomeIfxServers.html | docs.oracle.com/en/database | www.postgresql.org/docs | solr.apache.org/resources.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entwickler | Cockroach Labs | IBM, HCL Technologies Effective May 1st, 2017, HCL took on development, technical support, and product management teams, and works jointly with IBM on product strategy, marketing, and sales. | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Apache Software Foundation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Erscheinungsjahr | 2015 | 1984 | 1980 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aktuelle Version | 24.1.0, Mai 2024 | 14.10.FC5, November 2020 | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, Mai 2024 | 9.6.0, April 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lizenz Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0, commercial license available | kommerziell kostenlose Developer Edition verfügbar | kommerziell eingeschränkte kostenlose Version verfügbar | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ausschließlich ein Cloud-Service Nur als Cloud-Service verfügbar | nein | nein | nein | nein | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementierungssprache | Go | C,C++ und Java | C und C++ | C | Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server Betriebssysteme | Linux macOS Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux macOS Solaris Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Alle Betriebssysteme mit einer Java VM Läuft als Servlet in einem Servlet Container (z.B. Tomcat, Jetty ist inkludiert) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Datenschema | dynamic schema | ja | ja Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | ja | ja Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typisierung vordefinierte Datentypen, z.B. float oder date | ja | ja Seit Version 12.10 Unterstützung für native JSON/BSON Datentypen | ja | ja | ja mit benutzerdefinierten Datentypen und automatic typing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML Unterstützung Verarbeitung von Daten in XML Format, beispielsweise Speicherung von XML-Strukturen und/oder Unterstützung von XPath, XQuery, XSLT | nein | ja | ja specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | ja | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sekundärindizes | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja Alle Suchfelder werden automatisch indiziert | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL | ja | ja mit proprietären Erweiterungen | ja Standard mit zahlreichen Erweiterungen | Solr Parallel SQL Interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs und andere Zugriffskonzepte | JDBC | JDBC JSON API Kompatibel zu MongoDBMQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) ODBC RESTful HTTP API | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unterstützte Programmiersprachen | C# C++ Clojure Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Rust | .Net C C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net Erlang Java JavaScript jede Sprache, die Sockets und entweder XML oder JSON unterstützt Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-seitige Scripts Stored Procedures | nein | ja | PL/SQL auch Java stored procedures möglich | benutzerdefinierte Funktionen realisiert z.B. mit spezifischer Sprache PL/pgSQL, aber auch andere Sprachen möglich (Perl, Python, Tcl, etc.) | Java plugins | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | nein | ja | ja | ja | ja User configurable commands triggered on index changes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitionierungsmechanismen Methoden zum Speichern von unterschiedlichen Daten auf unterschiedlichen Knoten | horizontal partitioning (by key range) all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT | Sharding | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replikationsmechanismen Methoden zum redundanten Speichern von Daten auf mehreren Knoten | Multi-source replication using RAFT | Multi-Source Replikation Source-Replica Replikation | Multi-Source Replikation Source-Replica Replikation | Source-Replica Replikation andere Varianten durch Verwendung von 3rd party - tools | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Bietet ein API für Map/Reduce Operationen | nein | nein | nein kann in PL/SQL realisiert werden | nein | spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konsistenzkonzept Methoden zur Sicherstellung der Konsistenz in einem verteilten System | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fremdschlüssel referenzielle Integrität | ja | ja | ja | ja | nein | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaktionskonzept Unterstützung zur Sicherstellung der Datenintegrität bei nicht-atomaren Datenmanipulationen | ACID | ACID | ACID mit parameterisierbarem isolation level | ACID | optimistic Locking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Unterstützung von gleichzeitig ausgeführten Datenmanipulationen | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Dauerhafte Speicherung der Daten | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-Memory Unterstützung Gibt es Möglichkeiten einige oder alle Strukturen nur im Hauptspeicher zu halten | nein | ja | ja Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | nein | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Berechtigungskonzept Zugriffskontrolle | Role-based access control | Users with fine-grained authentication, authorization, and auditing controls | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | Benutzer mit feingranularem Berechtigungskonzept entsprechend SQL-Standard | ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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