DBMS > EDB Postgres vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server
System Properties Comparison EDB Postgres vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server
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Name | EDB Postgres Xexclude from comparison | MariaDB Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Access Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure Data Explorer Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft SQL Server Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | The EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration. | MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL. | Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.) | Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform | Microsofts flagship relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS column oriented | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with OQGraph storage engine Spatial DBMS | Document store If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell Event Store this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps) Spatial DBMS Search engine support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine Time Series DBMS see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | www.enterprisedb.com | mariadb.com Site of MariaDB Corporation mariadb.org Site of MariaDB Foundation | www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access | azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer | www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | www.enterprisedb.com/docs | mariadb.com/kb/en/library | developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access | docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer | learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | EnterpriseDB | MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL | Microsoft | Microsoft | Microsoft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2005 | 2009 Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995 | 1992 | 2019 | 1989 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 14, December 2021 | 11.3.2, February 2024 | 1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019 | cloud service with continuous releases | SQL Server 2022, November 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial BSD for PostgreSQL-components | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available | commercial Bundled with Microsoft Office | commercial | commercial restricted free version is available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant. | SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | C | C and C++ | C++ | C++ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux Windows | FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows | Windows Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs | hosted | Linux Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | yes Dynamic columns are supported | yes | Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | all fields are automatically indexed | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes with proprietary extensions | yes but not compliant to any SQL standard | Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET DAO ODBC OLE DB | Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS) RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Delphi Java Perl PHP Python Tcl | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | C C# C++ Delphi Java (JDBC-ODBC) VBA Visual Basic.NET | .Net Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PowerShell Python R | C# C++ Delphi Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R Ruby Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3 | yes since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine | Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R | Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes | yes | yes since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine | yes see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | horizontal partitioning by hash, list or range | several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding | none | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | none | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant. | yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID but no files for transaction logging | no | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes not for in-memory storage engine | yes but no files for transaction logging | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes with MEMORY storage engine | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003 | Azure Active Directory Authentication | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EDB Postgres | MariaDB | Microsoft Access | Microsoft Azure Data Explorer | Microsoft SQL Server | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases.... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3rd parties | Navicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development. » more | Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems. » more Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development. » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EDB Postgres | MariaDB | Microsoft Access | Microsoft Azure Data Explorer | Microsoft SQL Server | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking | MS Access drops in DB-Engines Ranking Microsoft SQL Server regained rank 2 in the DB-Engines popularity ranking New DB-Engines Ranking shows the popularity of database management systems | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire Microsoft SQL Server is the DBMS of the Year EDB unveils EDB Postgres AI Enterprise DB begins rolling AI features into PostgreSQL Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files EDB Postgres AI is a new platform for analytics workloads EDB Celebrates 20 Years with Launch of its Innovative Postgres AI Platform provided by Google News RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB PLC by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC which is an Affiliate of K1 INVESTMENT ... Private equity offer for MariaDB gets thumbsup from shareholders MariaDB plc: Shareholders speak, but execs are quiet MariaDB (NYSE:MRDB) Shares Up 1.1% MariaDB shareholders approve private equity takeover provided by Google News Abusing Microsoft Access "Linked Table" Feature to Perform NTLM Forced Authentication Attacks - Check Point Research Hackers Exploit Microsoft Access Feature to Steal Windows User’s NTLM Tokens MS access program to increase awareness and independence of those living with MS and disability How to Connect MS Access to MySQL via ODBC Driver People living with MS who are severely immunocompromised can access newly funded shingles vaccine provided by Google News Azure Data Explorer: Log and telemetry analytics benchmark Providing modern data transfer and storage service at Microsoft with Microsoft Azure - Inside Track Blog Controlling costs in Azure Data Explorer using down-sampling and aggregation Microsoft Introduces Azure Integration Environments and Business Process Tracking in Public Preview Individually great, collectively unmatched: Announcing updates to 3 great Azure Data Services provided by Google News A generative AI use case using Amazon RDS for SQL Server as a vector data store | Amazon Web Services SQL Server vNext: When and What Is Coming Data Virtualization in SQL Server 2022 SQL Server 2014 end of support: Keep your customers secure How to Know When It's Time for a Microsoft SQL Server Upgrade provided by Google News |
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