DBMS > ClickHouse vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. SingleStore
System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. SingleStore
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Name | ClickHouse Xexclude from comparison | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Riak KV Xexclude from comparison | SingleStore former name was MemSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering. | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store | MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Document store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Key-value store with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Time Series DBMS | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only. Time Series DBMS Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0 Vector DBMS currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | clickhouse.com | www.mongodb.com | www.postgresql.org | www.singlestore.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | clickhouse.com/docs | www.mongodb.com/docs/manual | www.postgresql.org/docs | www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest | docs.singlestore.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Clickhouse Inc. | MongoDB, Inc | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies | SingleStore Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2016 | 2009 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024 | 6.0.7, June 2023 | 16.2, February 2024 | 3.2.0, December 2022 | 8.5, January 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition | commercial free developer edition available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | C++ | C++ | C | Erlang | C++, Go | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | FreeBSD Linux macOS | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X | Linux 64 bit version required | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | restricted | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions) | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | yes but no triggers and foreign keys | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | gRPC HTTP REST JDBC MySQL wire protocol ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Proprietary protocol | GraphQL HTTP REST Prisma proprietary protocol using JSON | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP API Native Erlang Interface | Cluster Management API as HTTP Rest and CLI HTTP API JDBC MongoDB API ODBC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# 3rd party library C++ Elixir 3rd party library Go 3rd party library Java 3rd party library JavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party library Kotlin 3rd party library Nim 3rd party library Perl 3rd party library PHP 3rd party library Python 3rd party library R 3rd party library Ruby 3rd party library Rust Scala 3rd party library | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driver ColdFusion unofficial driver D unofficial driver Dart unofficial driver Delphi unofficial driver Erlang Go Groovy unofficial driver Haskell Java JavaScript Kotlin Lisp unofficial driver Lua unofficial driver MatLab unofficial driver Perl PHP PowerShell unofficial driver Prolog unofficial driver Python R unofficial driver Ruby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driver Swift | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C unofficial client library C# C++ unofficial client library Clojure unofficial client library Dart unofficial client library Erlang Go unofficial client library Groovy unofficial client library Haskell unofficial client library Java JavaScript unofficial client library Lisp unofficial client library Perl unofficial client library PHP Python Ruby Scala unofficial client library Smalltalk unofficial client library | Bash C C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Erlang | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | yes pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | key based and custom | Sharding Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime. | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding no "single point of failure" | Sharding hash partitioning | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages. | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | selectable replication factor | Source-replica replication stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | yes | no | yes | no can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency can be individually decided for each read operation Immediate Consistency default behaviour | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | no links between data sets can be stored | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID | no | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes optional, enabled by default | yes | yes | yes All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication. | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes, using Riak Security | Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ClickHouse | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Riak KV | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate... » more | SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer... » more | SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of... » more | Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month... » more | Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Related products and services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd parties | Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics. » more DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale. » more | Navicat for MongoDB gives you a highly effective GUI interface for MongoDB database management, administration and development. » more Studio 3T: The world's favorite IDE for working with MongoDB » more CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more | Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details. » more Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users. » more Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today! » more Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more. » more Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL » more Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems. » more Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ClickHouse | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Riak KV | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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