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DBMS > Cassandra vs. GridDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GridDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used RDBMSHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.95
Rank#128  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggriddb.netgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.griddb.netgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookToshiba CorporationGoogleOracleYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20082013201119802017
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.1, August 20221.23, February 202123c, September 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C and C++C and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID at container levelnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGridDBLevelDBOracleYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
GitHub trending repository
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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