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DBMS > Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. Oracle vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. Oracle vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsWidely used RDBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Graph DBMS
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#192  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score4.87
Rank#74  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.gigaspaces.comwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmldocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFoundationDBGigaspaces TechnologiesOracleTimescale
Initial release20082013200019802017
Current release4.1.3, July 20236.2.28, November 202015.5, September 202023c, September 20232.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, C++, .NetC and C++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatayesyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)supported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-99 for query and DML statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyyesPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnoyes, event driven architectureyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Linearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFoundationDBGigaSpacesOracleTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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