DBMS > Cassandra vs. Faircom DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB
System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Faircom DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB
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Name | Cassandra Xexclude from comparison | Faircom DB formerly c-treeACE Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft SQL Server Xexclude from comparison | SingleStore former name was MemSQL Xexclude from comparison | TiDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB Optimized for write access | Native high-speed multi-model DBMS for relational and key-value store data simultaneously accessible through SQL and NoSQL APIs. | Microsofts flagship relational DBMS | MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type | TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Wide column store | Key-value store Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Vector DBMS starting with release V5 | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | Document store Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Document store | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | cassandra.apache.org | www.faircom.com/products/faircom-db | www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server | www.singlestore.com | pingcap.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest | docs.faircom.com/docs/en/UUID-7446ae34-a1a7-c843-c894-d5322e395184.html | learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server | docs.singlestore.com | docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Apache Software Foundation Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook | FairCom Corporation | Microsoft | SingleStore Inc. | PingCAP, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2008 | 1979 | 1989 | 2013 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 4.1.3, July 2023 | V12, November 2020 | SQL Server 2022, November 2022 | 8.5, January 2024 | 8.1.0, May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache version 2 | commercial Restricted, free version available | commercial restricted free version is available | commercial free developer edition available | Open Source Apache 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra. | SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant. | SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities | TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | Java | ANSI C, C++ | C++ | C++, Go | Go, Rust | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | BSD Linux OS X Windows | AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OS X QNX SCO Solaris VxWorks Windows easily portable to other OSs | Linux Windows | Linux 64 bit version required | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free | schema free, schema optional, schema required, partial schema, | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes, ANSI SQL Types, JSON, typed binary structures | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | restricted only equality queries, not always the best performing solution | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL) | yes, ANSI SQL with proprietary extensions | yes | yes but no triggers and foreign keys | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | Proprietary protocol CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language) Thrift | ADO.NET Direct SQL JDBC JPA ODBC RESTful HTTP/JSON API RESTful MQTT/JSON API RPC | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS) | Cluster Management API as HTTP Rest and CLI HTTP API JDBC MongoDB API ODBC | GORM JDBC ODBC Proprietary protocol SQLAlchemy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# C++ Clojure Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript Node.js Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js and browser) PHP Python Visual Basic | C# C++ Delphi Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R Ruby Visual Basic | Bash C C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes .Net, JavaScript, C/C++ | Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding no "single point of failure" | File partitioning, horizontal partitioning, sharding Customizable business rules for table partitioning | tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation | Sharding hash partitioning | horizontal partitioning (by key range) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | selectable replication factor Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible | yes, configurable to be parallel or serial, synchronous or asynchronous, uni-directional or bi-directional, ACID-consistent or eventually consistent (with custom conflict resolution). | yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition | Source-replica replication stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes | Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no | no | no can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations | yes with TiSpark Connector | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be individually decided for each write operation | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency Tunable consistency per server, database, table, and transaction | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | yes | no | yes full support since version 6.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations | tunable from ACID to Eventually Consistent | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | Yes, tunable from durable to delayed durability to in-memory | yes | yes All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users can be defined per object | Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard with additional protections for files | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles | Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cassandra | Faircom DB formerly c-treeACE | Microsoft SQL Server | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | TiDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well... » more | SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed... » more | TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for... » more | SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with... » more | - HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product... » more | Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting... » more | TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best... » more | IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,... » more | Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100. » more | Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry... » more | 34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | Apache license Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available... » more | F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition » more | TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
News | An Introduction to David Jones-Gilardi, Developer Relations Introducing Tejas Kumar, Developer Relations Engineer Indexing All of Wikipedia on a Laptop An Introduction to Phil Nash, Developer Relations Focus on Creativity, Not Clusters: DataStax Mission Control in Action! | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cassandra | Faircom DB formerly c-treeACE | Microsoft SQL Server | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | TiDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | Cassandra keeps climbing the ranks of the DB-Engines Ranking Oracle is the DBMS of the Year Winners, losers and an attractive newcomer in Novembers DB-Engines ranking | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire Microsoft SQL Server is the DBMS of the Year | Turbocharge Your Application Development Using WebAssembly With SingleStoreDB Cloud-Based Analytics With SingleStoreDB SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recent citations in the news | ScyllaDB 6.0 advances open source database scalability Here's What to Know About Apache Cassandra 5.0 Microsoft extends life support for aging Apache Cassandra 3.11 database How Zalando migrated their shopping carts to Amazon DynamoDB from Apache Cassandra | Amazon Web Services Microsoft Build 2024: Cosmos DB for NoSQL gets vector search provided by Google News | FairCom Unveils New Look, FairCom DB v13: Introducing 'DB Made Simple' FairCom kicks off new era of database technology USA - English provided by Google News | Make SQL Server end of support the start of your AWS cloud journey | Amazon Web Services SQL Server on Linux: What You Need to Know Mastering the SQL Server command-line interface SQL Server 2014 end of support: Keep your customers secure SQL Server vNext: When and What Is Coming provided by Google News | Building a Modern Database: Nikita Shamgunov on Postgres and Beyond SingleStore CEO sees little future for purpose-built vector databases SingleStore Announces Real-time Data Platform to Further Accelerate AI, Analytics and Application Development SingleStore adds indexed vector search to Pro Max release for faster AI work – Blocks and Files Announcing watsonx.ai and SingleStore for generative AI applications provided by Google News | How PingCAP transformed TiDB into a serverless DBaaS using Amazon S3 and Amazon EBS | Amazon Web Services Navigating Modern Data Challenges: Ed Huang, CTO of PingCAP on the Future of Distributed SQL Databases PingCAP Launches TiDB 7.5, Enhancing Distributed SQL Database Tech Google Cloud's C3D Instances Provide Strong Performance Value For PingCAP's TiDB TiDB by PingCAP Leads Data Management Revolution at GIDS 2024, Empowering India's Burgeoning Developer ... provided by Google News |
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