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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Solr vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Solr vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldsolr.apache.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleApache Software FoundationDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20142008201420062000
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20194.1.3, July 20232.1.12, February 20179.6.0, April 20243.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)server-less
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoJava pluginsno
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesnospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing MemoryDByesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoyesno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixCassandraLovefieldSolrSQLite
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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