DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. dBASE vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. dBASE vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.dbase.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

orientdb.org

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Asthon Tate

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2012

1979

2010

2020

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

V12

3.2.29, March 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

dBase proprietary IDE

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

Transact SQL

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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