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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score127.49
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)IBMMicrosoftOracle
Initial release20121983 infohost version20101980
Current release12.1, October 2016V1223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree version is availablecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC and C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonyesTransact SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle
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Oracle Cloud World
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