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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Graphite vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Graphite vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftgraphite.readthedocs.iogithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Chris DavisGoogleMicrosoftOracle
Initial release20122006201420101980
Current release2.1.12, February 2017V1223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCPythonJavaScriptC++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictednoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonnonoTransact SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnonenoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDByes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftGraphiteLovefieldMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle
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