DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle vs. SingleStore vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle vs. SingleStore vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Widely used RDBMS

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	2.60
Rank	#107	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.oracle.com/database

www.singlestore.com

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.singlestore.com

docs.tdengine.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

FoundationDB

Oracle

SingleStore Inc.

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

Initial release

2012

2013

1980

2013

2019

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

23c, September 2023

8.5, January 2024

3.0, August 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

in SQL-layer only

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
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Competitive advantages

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Typical application scenarios

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
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