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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)FoundationDBCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoft
Initial release20122018201320142010
Current release1.0.0, June 20246.2.28, November 2020V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++JavaC++
Server operating systemshostedserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyessupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnoin SQL-layer onlynoTransact SQL
Triggersnononoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingSharding infobased on Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyesselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnononofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDuckDBFoundationDBHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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