DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score16.59
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftiotdb.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchbase.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCouchbase, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20122018200820111998
Current release1.1.0, April 20234.1.3, July 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonyesnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia the TAP protocolyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infono "single point of failure"Automatic Shardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoEphemeral bucketsyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftApache IoTDBCassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
News

Focus on Creativity, Not Clusters: DataStax Mission Control in Action!
30 May 2024

How Concide Built its Chat Platform with Enhanced Document Management for Legal Tech Professionals
23 May 2024

Astra Vectorize: Generate Vector Embeddings with 1 Line of Code
22 May 2024

GitHub Copilot + DataStax Astra DB: Build GenAI Apps 100x Faster
21 May 2024

Empowering On-Premises Deployments with Generative AI: Introducing Vector Search for a Self-Managed Modern Architecture
15 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more
CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more

Cassandra Forward event: Want to level up your Cassandra game? Watch now replays of the March 2023 sessions.
» more
CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache IoTDBCassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud
2 October 2015, Paul Andlinger

show all

Cassandra keeps climbing the ranks of the DB-Engines Ranking
3 May 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

Oracle is the DBMS of the Year
5 January 2016, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Winners, losers and an attractive newcomer in Novembers DB-Engines ranking
2 November 2015, Paul Andlinger

show all

Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Amazon Redshift Serverless is now generally available in the AWS China (Ningxia) Region
28 May 2024, AWS Blog

AWS analytics services streamline user access to data, permissions setting, and auditing | Amazon Web Services
29 May 2024, AWS Blog

Build a decentralized semantic search engine on heterogeneous data stores using autonomous agents | Amazon Web ...
28 May 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift adds new AI capabilities, including Amazon Q, to boost efficiency and productivity | Amazon Web ...
29 November 2023, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift now supports multi-data warehouse writes through data sharing (preview)
26 November 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

TsFile: A Standard Format for IoT Time Series Data
27 February 2024, The New Stack

Linux 6.5 With AMD P-State EPP Default Brings Performance & Power Efficiency Benefits For Ryzen Servers
21 September 2023, Phoronix

AMD EPYC 8324P / 8324PN Siena 32-Core Siena Linux Server Performance Review
10 October 2023, Phoronix

Intel Xeon Max Enjoying Some Performance Gains With Linux 6.6
12 October 2023, Phoronix

IoTDB Provides Data Management for Industrial Edge IT
15 October 2020, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Here's What to Know About Apache Cassandra 5.0
15 April 2024, hackernoon.com

Cassandra is the “best f*cking database for gen AI,” says DataStax CEO
13 December 2023, VentureBeat

Why Apache Cassandra 5.0 Is a Game-Changer for Developers
10 May 2024, The New Stack

How Uber Optimized Cassandra Operations At Scale
20 July 2023, Uber

How Zalando migrated their shopping carts to Amazon DynamoDB from Apache Cassandra | Amazon Web Services
11 October 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

Insider Sale: Director Lynn Christensen Sells Shares of Couchbase Inc (BASE)
1 June 2024, Yahoo Finance UK

Here's Why We're Not At All Concerned With Couchbase's (NASDAQ:BASE) Cash Burn Situation
30 May 2024, Simply Wall St

Couchbase Announces New Employee Inducement Grants | | news-journal.com
31 May 2024, Longview News-Journal

Couchbase Announces New Features to Accelerate AI-Powered Adaptive Applications for Customers
29 February 2024, PR Newswire

Couchbase's revenue grows 20% and its stock rises in extended trading
5 March 2024, SiliconANGLE News

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here