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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQLWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#147  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveren.oceanbase.comwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveren.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-databasedocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant GroupOracle
Initial release20122013198920101980
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20224.3.0, April 202423c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoCommercial license availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageCC++C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible modePL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)Sharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerOceanBaseOracle
Specific characteristicsOceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
» more
Key customersOceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
» more
Market metricsTPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerOceanBaseOracle
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