DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. Oracle vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. Oracle vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Widely used RDBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

hbase.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Oracle

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2012

2013

2008

1980

2010

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.3.4, January 2021

23c, September 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Coprocessors in Java

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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