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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Axibase vs. Cassandra vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Axibase vs. Cassandra vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonAxibase  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualizationWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#292  Overall
#25  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgaxibase.com/­docs/­atsd/­financecassandra.apache.orgwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaAxibase CorporationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOracle
Initial release20122013201320081980
Current release4.1.0, June 2022155854.1.3, July 202323c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infoCommunity Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paidOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCC++JavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoshort, integer, long, float, double, decimal, stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyesno infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaAxibaseCassandraOracle
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat for Oracle improves the efficiency and productivity of Oracle developers and administrators with a streamlined working environment.
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Devart ODBC driver for Oracle accesses Oracle databases from ODBC-compliant reporting, analytics, BI, and ETL tools on both 32 and 64-bit Windows, macOS, and Linux.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaAxibaseCassandraOracle
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