DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Couchbase vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool
System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Couchbase vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool
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| Name | Amazon DynamoDB Xexclude from comparison | Couchbase  Originally called Membase Xexclude from comparison | LevelDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RRDtool Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud | A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database | Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store Key-value store | Document store | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Time Series DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Key-value store originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol Spatial DBMS using the Geocouch extensionSearch engine Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | www.couchbase.com | github.com/google/leveldb | www.postgresql.org | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | docs.couchbase.com | github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md | www.postgresql.org/docs | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Amazon | Couchbase, Inc. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Tobias Oetiker | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 2011 | 2011 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 1999 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023 | 1.23, February 2021 | 16.4, August 2024 | 1.8.0, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial free tier for a limited amount of database operations | Open Source Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available | Open Source BSD | Open Source BSD | Open Source GPL V2 and FLOSS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C, C++, Go and Erlang | C++ | C | C Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | Linux OS X Windows | Illumos Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | HP-UX Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free | schema-free | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | no | yes | Numeric data only | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API | CLI Client HTTP REST Kafka Connector Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs Spark Connector Spring Data | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | in-process shared library Pipes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net ColdFusion Erlang Groovy Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C Go Java JavaScript Node.jsKotlin PHP Python Ruby Scala | C++ Go Java 3rd party bindingJavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party bindingPython 3rd party binding | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C with librrd library C# with a different implementation of RRDToolJava with a different implementation of RRDToolJavaScript (Node.js) with a different implementation of RRDToolLua Perl PHP with a wrapper libraryPython Ruby | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++ | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes by integration with AWS Lambda | yes via the TAP protocol | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Automatic Sharding | none | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | Multi-source replication including cross data center replication Source-replica replication | none | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) | yes | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be specified for read operations | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency selectable on a per-operation basis | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region | ACID | no | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes by using the rrdcached daemon | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes with automatic compression on writes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes Ephemeral buckets | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) | User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control. | no | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amazon DynamoDB | Couchbase Originally called Membase | LevelDB | PostgreSQL | RRDtool | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud | Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Time Series DBMS are the database category with the fastest increase in popularity Time Series DBMS as a new trend? PASS Data Community Summit AWS Re:Invent 2018: Amazon DynamoDB Deep Dive: Advanced Design Patterns For DynamoDB (DAT401) [863b05] Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL and Amazon DynamoDB zero-ETL integrations with Amazon Redshift now generally available | Amazon Web Services Vector search for Amazon DynamoDB with zero ETL for Amazon OpenSearch Service Get started with Amazon DynamoDB zero-ETL integration with Amazon Redshift Join the preview of attribute-based access control for Amazon DynamoDB | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News Couchbase: Tremendous Salvage Value In This Discarded Database Play (NASDAQ:BASE) On the road, Vinita Srivalsan, Couchbase Couchbase’s stock crumbles on anticipation of significant growth slowdown Horrell Capital Management Inc. Purchases 90,000 Shares of Couchbase, Inc. (NASDAQ:BASE) Couchbase reports 20% Q2 revenue growth, though analysts expected more provided by Google News Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB Inside the "Fallguys" malware that steals your browsing data and gaming IMs; continued attack on open source software RocksDB - Facebook's Database Now Open Source New ransomware encrypts files, then steals your Discord account GIFShell - New Attack Method That Allows Attackers to Steal Data Using Microsoft Teams GIFs provided by Google News Timescale expands open source vector database capabilities for PostgreSQL Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL now supports local write forwarding Timescale Brings PostgreSQL into the GenAI Era with pgai Vectorizer How PostgreSQL Enhances Performance and Scalability in IoT Solutions Failing to connect Commento with PostgreSQL - Databases provided by Google News Critical IP spoofing bug patched in Cacti Installation Guide for Collectd and Collectd-Web to Monitor Server Resources in Linux Customize Munin and try increasing the types of graphs displayed 5 Best Small Business Network Monitoring Software Tools in 2024 Monitor Router Traffic: 7 Best Monitoring Tools and Software provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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