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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudAn embedded key-value store for Go.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Key-value storeWide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbgithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcassandra.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122013200820171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.3, July 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoJavaC
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
GoC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanoyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noyesUsing Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionyesno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBBoltDBCassandraGoogle Cloud FirestorePostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBBoltDBCassandraGoogle Cloud FirestorePostgreSQL
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