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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Pinot vs. Couchbase vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Pinot vs. Couchbase vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score70.06
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.35
Rank#274  Overall
#128  Relational DBMS
Score16.74
Rank#33  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbpinot.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.couchbase.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsCouchbase, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201520111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.0, September 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBCCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
Python
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayes infovia the TAP protocolyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningAutomatic Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache PinotCouchbase infoOriginally called MembasePostgreSQL
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