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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. TempoIQ vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. TempoIQ vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engineTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgsolr.apache.orgtempoiq.com (offline)velocitydb.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationTempoIQVelocityDB Inc
Initial release19891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200620122011
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20249.6.0, April 20247.x
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++CJavaC#
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Any that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSolr Parallel SQL Interfacenono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API.Net
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java pluginsnono
Triggersyesyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes infoRealtime AlertsCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDoptimistic lockingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyessimple authentication-based access controlBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
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