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DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score93.76
Rank#12  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbnsdb.iowww.postgresql.orgterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release1992201420171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.4, August 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaCProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infobut no files for transaction loggingMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesUsing Apache Luceneyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNSDbPostgreSQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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