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DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score107.93
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#323  Overall
#28  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release199220141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.2, February 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infobut no files for transaction loggingMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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