DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

doc.nuodb.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Oracle

Initial release

2011

2010

2013

1993

1980

Current release

1.23, February 2021

V12

3.4-12

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

Java, SQL

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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