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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.orgwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracleDwayne Richard HippTimescale
Initial release20112014198020002017
Current release1.23, February 202123c, September 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++CC
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column typesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracleSQLiteTimescaleDB
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