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DBMS > InterSystems IRIS vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison InterSystems IRIS vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.05
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-irismariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clsmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.stardog.com
DeveloperInterSystemsMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftVesoft Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20182009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995198920192010
Current release2023.3, June 202311.3.2, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemedepending on used data modelyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesStrong typed schemaschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
InterSystems IRISMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphStardog
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
» more
MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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More resources
InterSystems IRISMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphStardog
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