DBMS > InterSystems Caché vs. MariaDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. YDB
System Properties Comparison InterSystems Caché vs. MariaDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. YDB
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| Name | InterSystems Caché Xexclude from comparison | MariaDB Xexclude from comparison | NebulaGraph Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | YDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | A multi-model DBMS and application server | MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL. | A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Key-value store Object oriented DBMS Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Graph DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store | Document store Graph DBMS with OQGraph storage engineSpatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.intersystems.com/products/cache | mariadb.com Site of MariaDB Corporation mariadb.org Site of MariaDB Foundation | github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula www.nebula-graph.io | www.postgresql.org | github.com/ydb-platform/ydb ydb.tech | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.intersystems.com | mariadb.com/kb/en/library | docs.nebula-graph.io | www.postgresql.org/docs | ydb.tech/en/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | InterSystems | MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL | Vesoft Inc. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Yandex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1997 | 2009 Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995 | 2019 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 2018.1.4, May 2020 | 11.3.2, February 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0 | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache 2.0; commercial license available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant. |
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| Implementation language | C and C++ | C++ | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | AIX HP Open VMS HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows | Linux | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | depending on used data model | yes Dynamic columns are supported | Strong typed schema | yes | Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value. | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | yes with proprietary extensions | SQL-like query language | yes standard with numerous extensions | SQL-like query language (YQL) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | .NET Client API JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | Browser interface console (shell) Cypher Query Language GO Object Graph Mapper Java Object Graph Mapper NGBatis ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-BootProprietary native API Python Object Graph Mapper Query language nGQL | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# C++ Java | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C++ Go Java PHP Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | yes PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3 | user defined functions | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | none | several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Active-passive shard replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes Relationships in graphs | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes not for in-memory storage engine | yes using RocksDB | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes with MEMORY storage engine | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Role-based access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterSystems Caché | MariaDB | NebulaGraph | PostgreSQL | YDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON... » more | NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases.... » more | NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability... » more | Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured... » more | Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,... » more | At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,... » more | NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license. » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterSystems Caché | MariaDB | NebulaGraph | PostgreSQL | YDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent citations in the news | Defense Health Agency Awards Four Points Technology $39 Million for Intersystems Software Licenses and Maintenance AWS, GCP, Oracle, Azure, SAP Lead Cloud DBMS Market: Gartner Announcing IBM Spectrum Sentinel: Building a Cyber Resilient Future Associative Data Modeling Demystified - Part1 - DataScienceCentral.com Choosing a Database Technology. A roadmap and process overview | by Shirish Joshi provided by Google News | RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB plc by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC which is an Affiliate of K1 INVESTMENT ... ServiceNow trades MariaDB for RaptorDB (PostgreSQL) MariaDB Files Second Quarter Fiscal 2024 Financial Results Progress outbids private equity in offer for MariaDB plc MariaDB North American Roadshow Supports Accelerating Adoption of Open Source Relational Databases in the ... provided by Google News | Vesoft (NebulaGraph) Recognized in the Gartner® Market Guide for Graph Database Management Systems NebulaGraph reaps from China's growing appetite for graph databases NebulaGraph Completes Series A to Scale Its Distributed Graph Database NebulaGraph Enterprise v5.0: The First Distributed Graph Database to Offer Native GQL Support provided by Google News | Distributed PostgreSQL Buyers Guide Continuously replicate Amazon DynamoDB changes to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS Lambda | Amazon ... SolarWinds Unveils Enhanced Database Performance Analyzer with Advanced PostgreSQL Support ServiceNow trades MariaDB for RaptorDB (PostgreSQL) anynines Launches Quick & Easy PostgreSQL Management in Local Kubernetes Clusters with a9s CLI provided by Google News | Personal Data Protection Service Initiates Probe into Yandex.Go App’s Data Processing Data leak from Russian delivery app shows dining habits of the secret police Russian Court Sues Yandex CEO For LGBT Propaganda Case Yandex code leak: Why hack of ‘Russian Google’s’ ranking factors has spooked the SEO industry Yandex Food's Data Gets Leaked, Russian Secret Service Habits Are Revealed, Including Putin's Lover's House provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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