DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
mariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.postgresql.orgravendb.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iomariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarywww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperCodenotaryMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating RhinosSAP, Sybase
Initial release20202009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 19951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20101987
Current release1.2.3, April 202211.3.2, February 202416.3, May 20245.4, July 202216.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC and C++CC#C and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infowith MEMORY storage engineno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ImmudbMariaDBPostgreSQLRavenDBSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
» more
Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
ImmudbMariaDBPostgreSQLRavenDBSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
DB-Engines blog posts

MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market
5 April 2018, Matthias Gelbmann

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking
2 February 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

How Open-Source Database immudb Plans to Handle All That Metaverse Data
10 October 2022, Acceleration Economy

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

Open Source Immutable Database Adds Cluster Support Capable of Billions of Transactions and Potentially Unlimited ...
16 November 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB plc by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC which is an Affiliate of K1 INVESTMENT ...
24 April 2024, PR Newswire

ServiceNow trades MariaDB for RaptorDB (PostgreSQL)
13 May 2024, Techzine Europe

MariaDB Files Second Quarter Fiscal 2024 Financial Results
15 May 2024, Silicon Canals

Progress outbids private equity in offer for MariaDB plc
28 March 2024, The Register

MariaDB North American Roadshow Supports Accelerating Adoption of Open Source Relational Databases in the ...
16 May 2024, Yahoo News UK

provided by Google News

Distributed PostgreSQL Buyers Guide
16 May 2024, Database Trends and Applications

Continuously replicate Amazon DynamoDB changes to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS Lambda | Amazon ...
14 May 2024, AWS Blog

SolarWinds Unveils Enhanced Database Performance Analyzer with Advanced PostgreSQL Support
14 May 2024, Business Wire

ServiceNow trades MariaDB for RaptorDB (PostgreSQL)
13 May 2024, Techzine Europe

anynines Launches Quick & Easy PostgreSQL Management in Local Kubernetes Clusters with a9s CLI
16 May 2024, PR Web

provided by Google News

RavenDB Launches Version 6.0 Lightning Fast Queries, Data Integrations, Corax Indexing Engine, and Sharding
3 October 2023, PR Newswire

RavenDB Welcomes David Baruc as Chief Revenue Officer: Seasoned Tech Leader to Drive Global Sales and ...
13 June 2023, PR Newswire

Install the NoSQL RavenDB Data System
14 May 2021, The New Stack

Oren Eini on RavenDB, Including Consistency Guarantees and C# as the Implementation Language
23 May 2022, InfoQ.com

RavenDB Adds Graph Queries
15 May 2019, Datanami

provided by Google News

Achieve zero RPO for your SAP ASE (Sybase) databases with Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP | Amazon Web Services
7 May 2024, AWS Blog

Arcion Introduces SAP Sybase ASE Connector for Ultimate Migration Flexibility
5 January 2023, Business Wire

Patch SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise now to avoid takeover risk
3 June 2020, BleepingComputer

Newly Patched SAP ASE Flaws Could Let Attackers Hack Database Servers
3 June 2020, The Hacker News

Critical SAP ASE Flaws Allow Complete Control of Databases
3 June 2020, Threatpost

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Present your product here