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DBMS > GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ontotext.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlhelp.sap.com/­hana
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftMicrosoftSAP
Initial release20002009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995201420102010
Current release10.4, October 202311.3.2, February 2024V122.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedhostedAppliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3JavaScriptTransact SQLSQLScript, R
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
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