DBMS > GBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. Vertica
System Properties Comparison GBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. Vertica
| Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | GBase Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure SQL Database  formerly SQL Azure Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SingleStore former name was MemSQL Xexclude from comparison | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing. | Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type | Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS Column oriented | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.gbase.cn | azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database | www.postgresql.org | www.singlestore.com | www.vertica.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.singlestore.com | vertica.com/documentation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | General Data Technology Co., Ltd. | Microsoft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | SingleStore Inc. | OpenText previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2004 | 2010 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2013 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c | V12 | 16.3, May 2024 | 8.5, January 2024 | 12.0.3, January 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial | Open Source BSD | commercial free developer edition available | commercial Limited community edition free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | yes | no | no | no on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. |
| SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C, Java, Python | C++ | C | C++, Go | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux | hosted | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux 64 bit version required | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | yes | Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | Standard with numerous extensions | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes but no triggers and foreign keys | Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET C API JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Cluster Management API as HTTP Rest and CLI HTTP API JDBC MongoDB API ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC Kafka Connector ODBC RESTful HTTP API Spark Connector vSQL character-based, interactive, front-end utility | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# | .Net C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Bash C C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions | Transact SQL | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | no | yes, called Custom Alerts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding hash partitioning | horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | yes, with always 3 replicas available | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes | Multi-source replication One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations | no Bi-directional Spark integration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | yes | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GBase | Microsoft Azure SQL Database formerly SQL Azure | PostgreSQL | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed... » more | Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with... » more | Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting... » more | Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,... » more | Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition » more | Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related products and services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd parties | Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GBase | Microsoft Azure SQL Database formerly SQL Azure | PostgreSQL | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Turbocharge Your Application Development Using WebAssembly With SingleStoreDB Cloud-Based Analytics With SingleStoreDB SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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