DBMS > dBASE vs. Dgraph vs. H2 vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Dgraph vs. H2 vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.dbase.com

dgraph.io

www.h2database.com

www.oracle.com/database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Asthon Tate

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1979

2016

2005

1980

2000

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

2.2.220, July 2023

23c, September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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