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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#154  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#72  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogreenplum.orgwww.gridgain.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgwww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Pivotal Software Inc.GridGain Systems, Inc.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20162005200720101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release7.0.0, September 2023GridGain 8.5.1V1216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava, C++, .NetC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2yesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyes (cache interceptors and events)yesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationyes (replicated cache)yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphGreenplumGridGainMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQL
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