DBMS > CockroachDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Redis
System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Redis
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Name | CockroachDB Xexclude from comparison | MariaDB Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure SQL Database formerly SQL Azure Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble. | MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL. | Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server | Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with OQGraph storage engine Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraph Spatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearch Time Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeries Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | www.cockroachlabs.com | mariadb.com Site of MariaDB Corporation mariadb.org Site of MariaDB Foundation | azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database | azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics | redis.com redis.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | www.cockroachlabs.com/docs | mariadb.com/kb/en/library | docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql | docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Cockroach Labs | MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL | Microsoft | Microsoft | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2015 | 2009 Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995 | 2010 | 2016 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 24.1.0, May 2024 | 11.3.2, February 2024 | V12 | 7.2.5, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0, commercial license available | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available | commercial | commercial | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant. | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | Go | C and C++ | C++ | C++ | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux macOS Windows | FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows | hosted | hosted | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | dynamic schema | yes Dynamic columns are supported | yes | yes | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes with RediSearch module | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL | yes with proprietary extensions | yes | yes | with RediSQL module | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | JDBC | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# C++ Clojure Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Rust | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | C# Java PHP | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3 | Transact SQL | Transact SQL | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes | yes | no | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | horizontal partitioning (by key range) all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT | several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication using RAFT | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | yes, with always 3 replicas available | yes | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | no | through RedisGears | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | no docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes not for in-memory storage engine | yes | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes with MEMORY storage engine | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Role-based access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CockroachDB | MariaDB | Microsoft Azure SQL Database formerly SQL Azure | Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse | Redis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases.... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3rd parties | Navicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development. » more | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.
» more Navicat for Redis: the award-winning Redis management tool with an intuitive and powerful graphical interface. » more CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more Redisson PRO: The ultra-fast Redis Java Client. » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CockroachDB | MariaDB | Microsoft Azure SQL Database formerly SQL Azure | Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse | Redis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking MongoDB is the DBMS of the year, defending the title from last year Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud CockroachDB tempts legacy databases to crawl into the cloud age How DoorDash Migrated from Aurora Postgres to CockroachDB DoorDash Uses CockroachDB to Create Config Management Platform for Microservices How to Unlock Real-Time Data Streams with CockroachDB and Amazon MSK | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News Private equity offer for MariaDB gets thumbsup from shareholders RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB PLC by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC ("Bidco") which is an Affiliate of K1 ... MariaDB plc: Shareholders speak, but execs are quiet ServiceNow trades MariaDB for RaptorDB (PostgreSQL) Struggling database company MariaDB could be taken private in $37M deal provided by Google News Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Database migration to OCI - resources estimation and migration approach Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure | Azure updates Azure SQL Database outage caused by network infrastructure provided by Google News General Available: Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.4 is now GA | Azure updates Azure Synapse Analytics: Everything you need to know about Microsoft's cloud analytics platform Migrate Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics to Amazon Redshift using AWS SCT | Amazon Web Services Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.2 End of Support | Azure updates Azure Synapse vs. Databricks: Data Platform Comparison 2024 provided by Google News Redis moves to source-available licenses Redis switches licenses, acquires Speedb to go beyond its core in-memory database Redis expands data management capabilities with Speedb acquisition – Blocks and Files In-memory database Redis wants to dabble in disk Linux Foundation Backs 'Valkey' Open-Source Fork of Redis provided by Google News |
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