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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Solr vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Solr vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgsolr.apache.orgwww.stardog.comdbmx.net/­tkrzwwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.stardog.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationStardog-UnionMikio HirabayashiYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20082006201020202017
Current release4.1.3, July 20239.6.0, April 20247.3.0, May 20200.9.3, August 20202.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Solr Parallel SQL InterfaceYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava pluginsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingnonenoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesMulti-source replication in HA-ClusternoneBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsoptimistic lockingACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infousing specific database classesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyesAccess rights for users and rolesnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraSolrStardogTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
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