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DBMS > Cassandra vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
RDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbrdf4j.orgwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sybase, SAP
Initial release20082009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995201420041993
Current release4.1.3, July 202311.3.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3JavaScriptyesyes
TriggersyesyesJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"several options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infowith MEMORY storage engineno infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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