DBMS > Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. OceanBase vs. SQLite vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. OceanBase vs. SQLite vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Wide column store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#147	Overall
	#68	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

google.github.io/lovefield

en.oceanbase.com

www.sqlite.org

trino.io

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

en.oceanbase.com/docs/oceanbase-database

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Google

OceanBase

previously Alibaba and Ant Group

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2008

2014

2010

2000

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

4.3.0, April 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Commercial license available

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

server-less

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript

Ada

in MySQL-compatible model
C

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D

in MySQL-compatible model
Delphi

in MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel

in MySQL-compatible model
Erlang

in MySQL-compatible model
Haskell

in MySQL-compatible model
Java

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js)

in MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C

in MySQL-compatible model
OCaml

in MySQL-compatible model
Perl

in MySQL-compatible model
PHP

in MySQL-compatible model
Python

in MySQL-compatible model
Ruby

in MySQL-compatible model
Scheme

in MySQL-compatible model
Tcl

in MySQL-compatible model

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

horizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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OceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

OceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

TPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Mulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.