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DBMS > Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. QuestDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. QuestDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
questdb.iowww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­libraryquestdb.io/­docsvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
QuestDB Technology IncParadigma Software
Initial release200820112009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520141999
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.23, February 202111.3.2, February 20245.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3noyes
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLevelDBMariaDBQuestDBValentina Server
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
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