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DBMS > Cassandra vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. KairosDB vs. MariaDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. KairosDB vs. MariaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed reliable key-value storeNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.mcobject.comgithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmkairosdb.github.iomariadb.com/­kb/­en/­library
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMcObjectMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Initial release2008200120132009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.4, August 20198.2, 20211.2.2, November 201811.3.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaGoC and C++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supported
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesnoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesyes infoby defining eventsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning / shardingSharding infobased on Cassandraseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engine
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnosimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraetcdeXtremeDBKairosDBMariaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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