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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelWide column storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHypertable Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVK
Initial release200820091989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2008
Current release4.1.3, July 20230.9.8.11, March 201616.2, February 20242.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC++CC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Lua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersyesnoyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factor on file system levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHypertablePostgreSQLTarantool
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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