DBMS > Cassandra vs. HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Newts

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

hsqldb.org

www.leanxcale.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

LeanXcale

Microsoft

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

2008

2001

2015

2010

2014

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

through Apache Derby

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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