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DBMS > Cassandra vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSTime Series DBMS based on CassandraMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelWide column storeWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orghbase.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveropennms.github.io/­newtsorientdb.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthbase.apache.org/­book.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20082008198920142010
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
Java API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavanoJava, Javascript
TriggersyesyesyesnoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infobased on CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHBaseMicrosoft SQL ServerNewtsOrientDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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