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DBMS > Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. GridGain vs. Neo4j vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. GridGain vs. Neo4j vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.47
Rank#154  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#72  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.gridgain.comneo4j.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOntotextGridGain Systems, Inc.Neo4j, Inc.
Initial release20082000200720072017
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.4, October 2023GridGain 8.5.15.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, C++, .NetJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyesnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationyes (replicated cache)Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)noyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Security Hooks for custom implementationsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGridGainNeo4jTigerGraph
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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