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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Graph Engine vs. KeyDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Graph Engine vs. KeyDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.graphengine.iogithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.keydb.devwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2008201020192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.3, July 202310 R1, October 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJava.NET and CC++CC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
.NETLinuxLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesLuauser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectsimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityKeyDBPostgres-XLPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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CassandraGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityKeyDBPostgres-XLPostgreSQL
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