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DBMS > Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score0.99
Rank#195  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapple.github.io/­foundationdbdoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFoundationDBDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Oracle
Initial release2008201320131980
Current release4.1.3, July 20236.2.28, November 202023c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)supported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFoundationDBNuoDBOracle
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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