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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#154  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#72  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.gridgain.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdgraph.io/­docswww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDgraph Labs, Inc.GridGain Systems, Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20082016200720102016
Current release4.1.3, July 2023GridGain 8.5.1V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaGoJava, C++, .NetC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQLTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"yesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSynchronous replication via Raftyes (replicated cache)yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectno infoPlanned for future releasesSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDgraphGridGainMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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