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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Lovefield vs. QuestDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Lovefield vs. QuestDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldquestdb.iowww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchbase.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdquestdb.io/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCouchbase, Inc.GoogleQuestDB Technology IncDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20082011201420142000
Current release4.1.3, July 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20232.1.12, February 20173.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangJavaScriptJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL with time-series extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScriptC infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++nonono
Triggersyesyes infovia the TAP protocolUsing read-only observersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Automatic Shardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsyes infousing MemoryDByes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.nono
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseLovefieldQuestDBSQLite
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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